Introduction Types of Protocol

There are several types of routing protocols.
1) Penghalaan static (static routing) - In static routing, packet direction in which dihantar is fixed and unchanging. On this occasion, the user has defined router
bahawa need dihantar packet using a predetermined mapping although there
packet is another way to get to destinations. The weakness of this type of recognition
is, the router does not have a choice of circuit topology changes if applicable
for example if the specified direction suddenly failed to function.

2) Introduction to dynamic. (Dynamic routing) - Dynamic routing was established from the "routing updates "received by the router. Mesej" routing updates "it tells the router about the latest intimation received jik a valid change in the circuit
This routing algorithm requires (eg to select the best route) dikira original and the routing table will dikemaskini of such intimation. Between the dynamic popular routing protocols is the type of RIP, IGRP, OSPF and BGP.

PROPOSAL

Final proposal consists of: the beginning, the main part, and the end with the number of pages should not exceed 20 pages.

Section Beginning
Consists of:
 Page Title
 Approval Page
Main Sections
Consists of:
1. Background Problem
2. Objective
3. Reader Reviews
4. Theory basis
5. Hypotheses (if any)
6. How To Research
7. Research schedule
8. Fee Schedule

End section
Consists of:
1. Bibliography
2. Attachment

Overview of Information Technology

There are four basic types rather than Information Technology, namely:
1. Sensing
2. Communication
3. Analyzing
4. Display
relating to the functions of input, process, output in an Information System

Input devices (Sensing)
collect or retrieve incoming data from the environment (either directly or by human intervention) and translates into a form that can be processed by the CPU.

Output devices (display)
show / mendisplaykan of data have been processed in a form that can be understood and used by humans.

How to develop Sensing technology? Involved the creation of new tools enter, process multimedia data (eg voice to match, looking for the face of crimes, etc.), as well as recognition / processing of biometric data

Analyzing how to develop the technology? Include the creation of computer architecture and processing tools better

How to develop communications technology? Include the creation of tools for computer communications, as well as the accompanying applications, eg applications for on-line transactions, krs on-line, Management Information Systems, etc.

How to develop display technologies? Include the creation of display devices, etc.
Examples of computer applications for SIM:
 Accounting Information Systems
 Decision Support System
 Expert System
 Executive Information System
 Marketing Information System
 Manufacturing Information System
 Financial Information System
 Human Resources Information System
 Geographical Information System
 Information System Organisation / company

RESEARCH IDEAS

• Research is a creative process in response to the phenomenon of a person facing
• Ideas can be derived from the research themselves and outside parties
• Some personal requirements to be fulfilled of the researcher:
1. Quite familiar with the theory
2. Willing to read other people's work study
3. Willing to read other disciplines
4. Willing to hear any feedback / comments of other people
5. Always be critical

THEME / TOPIC RESEARCH
 is the first issue that appears, and takes a long time
Steps to choose a topic of research:
a. Pick an issue that interests and expertise
b. Look for references (books, scientific journals, research publications, etc.) of the topic under study
c. Do not find the idea of research that has no useful
d. Determine the scope of the problem to be investigated

Determining the Research Title
Criteria Title:
• Title is not a sentence but a statement which gives an overall picture and to represent the context of the content of research that will be or has been done
• The title should be able to show objects with clear and concrete research
• Title should be able to show the problems to be studied and the objectives to be achieved
• The title should use jargon that is known in their respective disciplines

CIENTIFIC WORKS

Is the result of human creations that are based on a true science, whether physical or intangible tangible objects of writing (1969:25-26)

To acquire the scientific knowledge needed four ingredients:
1. language
2. logic
3. mathematics
4. statistical

Scientific Work traits:
1. Critical and analytical (critical and analitical)
2. Includes concepts and theories
3. Using the term with a precise and uniform definition
4. Rational
5. Objective

SCIENCE

• Healthy Mind, manner or style of thinking to be able to find the reality "(Hoover, 1989)
• The accumulation of systematic knowledge (Goode & Hatt, 1952)
• How to think according to certain rules, so people can know the reality or essence (of what is desired) around it (Kerlinger, 1990)
• As a knowledge that has been tested and compiled on a regular basis (1964:4-16)
• Talk about three things:
1) what is learned (ontological)
2) how the workings of (epistemological)
3) what are the benefits of a science (axiological)

SECTORAL TRANSITION PROCESS
Natural Philosophy
Into the various disciplines of natural sciences (natural science)
Examples: physics, chemistry, biology, etc.
Moral philosophy
Into the various disciplines of social sciences (social sciences)
Examples: economics, sociology, accounting, management, psychology, etc.
Philosophy divinity
Become a variety of disciplines nature deity / religion

FUNCTION OF SCIENCE
The function of science, is so that people can:
to Understand
understand or know about something (which was asked or investigated)
to Explain
describe or explain what has been understood
to Predict
predict something will happen
to Control
master something if there is
to Be Success
successful or successful in making decisions